2 Kings 18:37

Authorized King James Version

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Then came Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, which was over the household, and Shebna the scribe, and Joah the son of Asaph the recorder, to Hezekiah with their clothes rent, and told him the words of Rabshakeh.

Original Language Analysis

וַיָּבֹ֣א Then came H935
וַיָּבֹ֣א Then came
Strong's: H935
Word #: 1 of 21
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
אֶלְיָקִ֣ים Eliakim H471
אֶלְיָקִ֣ים Eliakim
Strong's: H471
Word #: 2 of 21
eljakim, the name of four israelites
בֶּן the son H1121
בֶּן the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 3 of 21
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
חִלְקִיָּ֣ה of Hilkiah H2518
חִלְקִיָּ֣ה of Hilkiah
Strong's: H2518
Word #: 4 of 21
chilhijah, the name of eight israelites
אֲשֶׁר H834
אֲשֶׁר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 5 of 21
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 6 of 21
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
הַ֠בַּיִת which was over the household H1004
הַ֠בַּיִת which was over the household
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 7 of 21
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
וְשֶׁבְנָ֨א and Shebna H7644
וְשֶׁבְנָ֨א and Shebna
Strong's: H7644
Word #: 8 of 21
shebna or shebnah, an israelite
הַסֹּפֵ֜ר the scribe H5608
הַסֹּפֵ֜ר the scribe
Strong's: H5608
Word #: 9 of 21
properly, to score with a mark as a tally or record, i.e., (by implication) to inscribe, and also to enumerate; intensively, to recount, i.e., celebra
וְיוֹאָ֨ח and Joah H3098
וְיוֹאָ֨ח and Joah
Strong's: H3098
Word #: 10 of 21
joach, the name of four israelites
בֶּן the son H1121
בֶּן the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 11 of 21
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
אָסָ֧ף of Asaph H623
אָסָ֧ף of Asaph
Strong's: H623
Word #: 12 of 21
asaph, the name of three israelites, and of the family of the first
הַמַּזְכִּ֛יר the recorder H2142
הַמַּזְכִּ֛יר the recorder
Strong's: H2142
Word #: 13 of 21
properly, to mark (so as to be recognized), i.e., to remember; by implication, to mention; to be male
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 14 of 21
near, with or among; often in general, to
חִזְקִיָּ֖הוּ to Hezekiah H2396
חִזְקִיָּ֖הוּ to Hezekiah
Strong's: H2396
Word #: 15 of 21
chizkijah, a king of judah, also the name of two other israelites
קְרוּעֵ֣י rent H7167
קְרוּעֵ֣י rent
Strong's: H7167
Word #: 16 of 21
to rend, literally or figuratively (revile, paint the eyes, as if enlarging them)
בְגָדִ֑ים with their clothes H899
בְגָדִ֑ים with their clothes
Strong's: H899
Word #: 17 of 21
a covering, i.e., clothing
וַיַּגִּ֣דוּ and told H5046
וַיַּגִּ֣דוּ and told
Strong's: H5046
Word #: 18 of 21
properly, to front, i.e., stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to
ל֔וֹ H0
ל֔וֹ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 19 of 21
דִּבְרֵ֖י him the words H1697
דִּבְרֵ֖י him the words
Strong's: H1697
Word #: 20 of 21
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
רַבְשָׁקֵֽה׃ of Rabshakeh H7262
רַבְשָׁקֵֽה׃ of Rabshakeh
Strong's: H7262
Word #: 21 of 21
rabshakeh, a babylonian official

Analysis & Commentary

Then came Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, which was over the household, and Shebna the scribe, and Joah the son of Asaph the recorder, to Hezekiah with their clothes rent, and told him the words of Rabshakeh.

This verse contributes to the overall theme of chapter 18: Faithful reformation faces external pressure. In Judah's later history, we see both genuine reforms and deep-rooted corruption, revealing that external religious activity cannot substitute for heart transformation.

The narrative demonstrates God's justice in judging covenant unfaithfulness while maintaining His ultimate purposes for redemption.

Historical Context

Historical Setting: 2 Kings 18 takes place during Hezekiah's reign in Judah, late 8th century BCE, around 715-686 BCE. The chapter's theme (Hezekiah's Reforms and Assyrian Threat) reflects the historical reality of genuine religious reform under Hezekiah, including trust in God that resulted in miraculous deliverance from Assyria. Archaeological evidence from this period includes royal inscriptions, administrative documents, and material culture that corroborate the biblical account while providing additional context for understanding the political and social dynamics at work.

Questions for Reflection

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